The glymphatic system (GS) plays a key role in maintaining brain homeostasis by clearing metabolic waste during sleep, with the coupling between global blood-oxygen-level-dependent (gBOLD) and sources iphone 90m cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) signals serving as a potential marker for glymphatic clearance function.However, the test-retest reliability and spatial heterogeneity of gBOLD-CSF coupling after different sleep conditions remain unclear.In this study, we assessed the test-retest reliability of gBOLD-CSF coupling following either normal sleep or total sleep deprivation (TSD) in 64 healthy adults under controlled laboratory conditions.The reliability was high after normal sleep (ICC = 0.
763) but decreased following TSD (ICC = 0.581).Moreover, spatial heterogeneity was evident in participants with normal sleep, with lower-order networks (visual, somatomotor, and attention) showing higher ICC values compared to higher-order networks (default-mode, limbic, and frontoparietal).This spatial variation was less distinct in the TSD group.
These results demonstrate the robustness of the gBOLD-CSF coupling method and emphasize the significance eugenia topiary spiral of considering sleep history in glymphatic function research.